Spoiler alert, it’s shot placement and energy, or mass x velocity. Always. A .308 at 500 yards vs a shotgun with buckshot? Yea , you guessed right.
But he’s talking home defense. For me it’s a short barreled rifle in 7.62 x 39 or 5.56 suppressed , then a suppressed 9mm, then the 12 gauge with slugs.
That’s based on “stuff” , the layout of the two buildings mainly .