Kids-for-cash judge wants new trial
JAMES HALPIN / PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 15, 2017
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JAMES HALPIN / STAFF PHOTO Sandy Fonzo and supporters speak with the media Thursday in Harrisburg.
Mark A. Ciavarella Jr.
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HARRISBURG — Notorious kids-for-cash judge Mark A. Ciavarella Jr.’s effort to win a new trial got a boost Thursday when his trial attorneys, accused of being ineffective, took the stand and freely admitted they have no good explanation for failing to request a key jury instruction.
Testifying before a federal judge who will decide whether to vacate Ciavarella’s convictions, prominent defense attorney William Ruzzo, of Kingston, said he and his colleague Al Flora Jr., the former Luzerne County public defender, “absolutely” should have requested an instruction about the five-year statute of limitations related to some of the charges. In fact, the lawyers had not discussed whether to do so and testified that it was not part of any defense strategy.
“I did nothing in Mark’s interest by that conduct,” Ruzzo testified.
Ciavarella, 67, was convicted of 12 of 39 charges for accepting kickbacks in exchange for funneling juvenile defendants to detention centers built by wealthy developer Robert K. Mericle’s construction firm and operated by companies controlled by local attorney Robert Powell. Now six years into his 28-year prison sentence, Ciavarella is seeking to reverse his conviction on grounds his attorneys were ineffective.
At issue are Ciavarella’s convictions on counts of racketeering, honest services mail fraud and conspiracy to commit money laundering. The problem, according to Ciavarella, is that on the verdict slip, jurors found that he violated federal law by accepting $1.6 million in kickbacks in January 2003, but indicated he did not violate the law regarding a $1 million payment in July 2005 and another $150,000 payment in February 2006.
His lawyer, Jennifer P. Wilson, of Duncannon, argues Ciavarella never should have been convicted on those counts because jurors found only the January 2003 payment was illegal, and that transaction took place more than five years before the indictment came down in September 2009.
While his attorneys sought dismissal of some charges on statute of limitation grounds in a pretrial motion that was denied, they did not seek dismissal on the racketeering and money-laundering conspiracy charges. They also failed to seek a jury instruction during trial informing the panel some of the crimes might have happened too far in the past.
In court Thursday, the attorneys agreed they had not discussed such a filing, and admitted the failure was not part of any strategic planning.
“I know I didn’t give any thought to raising it,” Flora said, explaining why he didn’t seek dismissal of the racketeering counts prior to trial. “What stuck in my mind was that the government had alleged sufficient predicate acts.”
The lawyers also acknowledged such an instruction could have strategically fit with their trial plan, which was to explain Ciavarella accepted “finder’s fees” rather than bribes.
“Our strategy was Mark only took the money gifted to him as a finder’s fee and that he had no reason to alter his judicial decisions because the juvenile facility was already built,” Ruzzo said, adding that the verdict was disappointing. “I thought that we presented a credible case.”
During cross-examination, federal prosecutors noted that despite the jury’s verdict slip, three of four counts of honest services mail fraud Ciavarella was convicted of are described in the indictment as happening inside the statute of limitations. The U.S. Third Circuit Court of Appeals previously reversed his conviction on the fourth count, which stemmed from an April 2004 financial disclosure statement.
Prosecutors also pointed out that Ciavarella’s racketeering convictions stemmed from conduct that occurred over a number of years, part of which was inside the period.
After hearing the testimony, Chief U.S. District Judge Christopher C. Conner noted that legal precedent requires him to reverse convictions in cases where attorneys fail to suggest instructions that would help their clients, unless the move is part of a legal strategy.
“Am I not constrained to find that trial counsel’s performance was deficient?” Conner asked.
The judge ordered the parties to submit further briefings on the issue, instructing the U.S. Attorney’s Office to address the legal precedent and the timing of the offenses. He also urged Wilson to further explore the timing of the mail fraud offenses and whether a jury might have acquitted Ciavarella if instructed on the statute of limitations.
The first filings are due two weeks from when the lawyers get a transcript of Thursday’s proceeding.
Ciavarella, who appeared in court dressed in an orange jumpsuit and wearing handcuffs, did not speak during the proceeding. He waved to about half a dozen of his family members seated in the front row, including his daughter.
About a dozen of his opponents sat across the aisle, including Sandy Fonzo, who in the past confronted Ciavarella outside federal court over the suicide of her son after placement in juvenile detention. She described the proceeding as “nerve-racking,” questioning how seemingly capable attorneys could have forgotten something that could result in a new trial for Ciavarella.
“He needs to just go away and give us peace so that we can heal. This is just — I can’t do this again,” Fonzo said, wiping her eyes outside the courthouse. “This is a nightmare, an absolute nightmare.”
The statute of limitations claim is only one of the avenues Ciavarella is using in seeking a new trial. While Wilson said Ciavarella is dropping a claim that prosecutors failed to provide him with evidence that could have impeached Mericle, he is still pressing forward with another appeal of the honest services mail fraud counts.
That action stems from a U.S. Supreme Court decision last year that held an official must exercise governmental power in order to be guilty of the crime. Ciavarella argues he did nothing in his official capacity as judge that caused Powell to hire Mericle, and therefore the payment Mericle gave Ciavarella did not amount to a bribe.
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