ADVERTISEMENT

Pittsburgh blog is about to make you blow a gasket (selling "Joe Knew" shirts)

1. Have no idea where you stand on the issue or what you post about the victims.

That said, every single day Sandusky's victims are attacked this board. Pulling out the "It's making fun of child abuse" card doesn't hold water when the details of known victims become private jokes on this board.

2. Thanks for proving my point.

They're a rival, that's what rivals do. Instead of simply ignoring a tasteless shirt you're justifying violence, why? Because they're slandering your hero.

3. I'm not defending the tasteless shirt. I'm defending the right to make and wear them without real life harassment, threats, and violence.

Wow are you all over the place on this.

1) Apples and oranges, please don't conflate these issues. I suggest you look up the definition of "straw man".
2) I never even mentioned violence, let alone justified it... what post are you reading?
3) So you are defending someone's right to enable future child abuse. Got it.
 
  • Like
Reactions: simons96
I said that Joe did the minimum. He did know to a certain degree, that's why he reported it to Curley. Just because he knew doesn't mean he did something right or wrong.

And you would be wrong... Joe did the maximum he could.

Please stop with the "Joe knew to a certain degree". I already explained this. That is now what those T-shirts mean, and you know it. You are simply trying to justify their existence.

Dad and Dr D deserve criticism as well. The Dr. testified that MM was to shaken up to even talk about it. The clearly shows that what he witnessed was something serious. Sending him to Joe was a joke.

Just like many things, there are right ways and better ways to do things. Joe advising MM to go to police would have clearly been a better way.

MM admittedly gave Joe a watered down version. If the people involved the night of the incident didn't think it was necessary to call the police, why should Joe when he heard even less? People can call the police without Joe telling them to do it. The fact that MM didn't immediately go to the police and his father and Dranov only sent him to Joe impacts how people like Joe and subsequent administrators view the situation. "Well they didn't think it was a big deal, why should I treat it any different."
 
And you would be wrong... Joe did the maximum he could.

Please stop with the "Joe knew to a certain degree". I already explained this. That is now what those T-shirts mean, and you know it. You are simply trying to justify their existence.



MM admittedly gave Joe a watered down version. If the people involved the night of the incident didn't think it was necessary to call the police, why should Joe when he heard even less? People can call the police without Joe telling them to do it. The fact that MM didn't immediately go to the police and his father and Dranov only sent him to Joe impacts how people like Joe and subsequent administrators view the situation. "Well they didn't think it was a big deal, why should I treat it any different."

After nearly 5 years, this sums up where I am. Whatever you want to say about Joe's rather rambling and at times inconsistent testimony about a discussion he had 10 years earlier, the contemporaneous actions of EVERYONE involved proves to me, really beyond all doubt, that no one AT THE TIME believed that a violent sexual assault of a child had occurred. The one possible exception is McQueary, as he was the witness. Maybe he really did see what he said in 2011 that he saw but for whatever reason didn't tell anyone else. But I am convinced that no one else was told or had reason to believe that McQueary had witnessed a violent sexual assault of a child. Not one single person's actions, including those of his father and his father's physician friend, are consistent with just having been provided with that information. Not one. So for me it really is this simple: either they weren't told or they are all monsters. I just don't see any other option. And I refuse to believe that 7 monsters just happened to be all in this one place at this one time. Just far too incredible to accept without significant evidence.
 
And you would be wrong... Joe did the maximum he could.

Please stop with the "Joe knew to a certain degree". I already explained this. That is now what those T-shirts mean, and you know it. You are simply trying to justify their existence.

It's just a shirt, you can take "Joe knew" several different ways. It's stupid, but not worth the outrage. It's not nearly as bad as the sign that a Rutgers fan put up or their "Ped State" shirts.


MM admittedly gave Joe a watered down version. If the people involved the night of the incident didn't think it was necessary to call the police, why should Joe when he heard even less? People can call the police without Joe telling them to do it. The fact that MM didn't immediately go to the police and his father and Dranov only sent him to Joe impacts how people like Joe and subsequent administrators view the situation. "Well they didn't think it was a big deal, why should I treat it any different."

They all failed in that aspect. "Sexual nature" or "sexual sounds"... a boy and an old man in a shower, when no one else is around... come on now.
 
After nearly 5 years, this sums up where I am. Whatever you want to say about Joe's rather rambling and at times inconsistent testimony about a discussion he had 10 years earlier, the contemporaneous actions of EVERYONE involved proves to me, really beyond all doubt, that no one AT THE TIME believed that a violent sexual assault of a child had occurred. The one possible exception is McQueary, as he was the witness. Maybe he really did see what he said in 2011 that he saw but for whatever reason didn't tell anyone else. But I am convinced that no one else was told or had reason to believe that McQueary had witnessed a violent sexual assault of a child. Not one single person's actions, including those of his father and his father's physician friend, are consistent with just having been provided with that information. Not one. So for me it really is this simple: either they weren't told or they are all monsters. I just don't see any other option. And I refuse to believe that 7 monsters just happened to be all in this one place at this one time. Just far too incredible to accept without significant evidence.
I don't think they were monsters, just stupid. And it doesn't need to be a "violent sexual assault" to be a crime. That is why he was convicted of an indecent assault.
 
Actually there was a very large Oskee-wow-wow effort that accomplished this shutdown, with a 48-hour head start ( via anonymous tip) contacting the T-shirt company and more. ;) If there's one thing I won't tolerate from any fan base, it 's something like this that keeps at-risk kids in harm's way with bogus information. Not to mention attempting to profit at the expense of the most vulnerable.
Actually while you shut down one guy you helped publicized it beyond some small blog. Now there are about a dozen different version of the same t shirt being sold through several outlets. There will probably be a few thousands more Joe Knew shirts sold now. Job well done.
 
I had a chat with Amazon this morning and explained why the shirts they are selling are offensive and inflammatory. Said it would take up to 48 hours to be removed.
Don't hold your breath. Just because some person in India working chat said it going to be removed doesn't mean it will be. It doesn't matter because they will just open another store on Amazon.
 
It's just a shirt, you can take "Joe knew" several different ways. It's stupid, but not worth the outrage. It's not nearly as bad as the sign that a Rutgers fan put up or their "Ped State" shirts.




They all failed in that aspect. "Sexual nature" or "sexual sounds"... a boy and an old man in a shower, when no one else is around... come on now.

Sorry but "Joe Knew" is clearly an implication that he willingly allowed a known pedophile to roam the streets. There is no other way to view this statement in context of why these shirts are being printed.

If someone made this accusation about someone in your family or someone you cared about despite ALL corroborated evidence - including acknowledgement from the lead prosecutor (to say nothing of plain common sense) - prove quite clearly the implication of the shirt is an outright falsehood.

Imagine for a second if a PSU fan wore a shirt that said "Billy Gaines is dead because he was a sloppy drunk". Would there not be justifiable outrage? This is no different.
 
  • Like
Reactions: simons96 and biacto
Dad and Dr D deserve criticism as well. The Dr. testified that MM was to shaken up to even talk about it. The clearly shows that what he witnessed was something serious. Sending him to Joe was a joke.

Just like many things, there are right ways and better ways to do things. Joe advising MM to go to police would have clearly been a better way.

Just more of your usual nonsense that got you tossed from TOS along with 4 other fools who were ruining that site. All 5 of you went in one day.:)
 
  • Like
Reactions: simons96
I had a chat with Amazon this morning and explained why the shirts they are selling are offensive and inflammatory. Said it would take up to 48 hours to be removed.

Thanks for the info. Here's hoping they are pulled.
 
  • Like
Reactions: simons96
Actually while you shut down one guy you helped publicized it beyond some small blog. Now there are about a dozen different version of the same t shirt being sold through several outlets. There will probably be a few thousands more Joe Knew shirts sold now. Job well done.
Wrong. Those who purchased these particular ones are now trying to unload them via other outlets. There were other versions already extant on which complaints were also lodged. If you don't really have any facts on which to base your opinion, please refrain from making things up.

One purpose was to assure they would not be condoned at a particular place on a particular day in order to avoid a highly probable embarrassing incident at the game for which Pitt would have to make a very public, national apology, all because of a group who may not even be graduates of their institution causing trouble. The other is to stop the utter madness and teach people why it's wrong.
 
Last edited:
I don't think they were monsters, just stupid. And it doesn't need to be a "violent sexual assault" to be a crime. That is why he was convicted of an indecent assault.

What? Who cares that it doesn't "need to be" a violent sexual assault to be a crime? I'm not even sure what you're getting at. McQueary said in 2011/2012 that he witnessed a violent sexual assault of a child, unless you'd choose to describe the anal rape of a young boy a different way. So what word other than "monster" would you use to describe 7 men who knew this and did nothing for a decade? Just stupid? Wow, then you have an incredibly low standard for humanity. If you honestly believe that in 2001 McQueary conveyed what he testified to in 2011/2012 and you DON'T think that McQueary, Mr. McQueary, Dranov, Paterno, Schultz, Curley and Spanier are all monsters, then you are of no moral character whatsoever.
 
  • Like
Reactions: Aoshiro
What? Who cares that it doesn't "need to be" a violent sexual assault to be a crime? I'm not even sure what you're getting at. McQueary said in 2011/2012 that he witnessed a violent sexual assault of a child, unless you'd choose to describe the anal rape of a young boy a different way. So what word other than "monster" would you use to describe 7 men who knew this and did nothing for a decade? Just stupid? Wow, then you have an incredibly low standard for humanity. If you honestly believe that in 2001 McQueary conveyed what he testified to in 2011/2012 and you DON'T think that McQueary, Mr. McQueary, Dranov, Paterno, Schultz, Curley and Spanier are all monsters, then you are of no moral character whatsoever.
What? "McQueary said in 2011/2012 that he witnessed a violent sexual assault of a child, unless you'd choose to describe the anal rape of a young boy a different way." <--- I'm hoping you realize he certainly did not and lodged a complaint to the OAG about the Big Lie in that Presentment.
 
What? "McQueary said in 2011/2012 that he witnessed a violent sexual assault of a child, unless you'd choose to describe the anal rape of a young boy a different way." <--- I'm hoping you realize he certainly did not and lodged a complaint to the OAG about the Big Lie in that Presentment.

Sorry, I've had trouble keeping up with his many versions of what he claims he saw. I do believe I understood him to say that he never said the word "rape". But obviously he implied it. The word "rape" should never have been in the presentment. But IMHO, McQueary clearly implied that he witnessed Sandusky anally rape a child. So given that, my point to the other poster was if that was what he conveyed to the others who were involved, and they did what they did, then they would all be monsters in my estimation. The fact that I don't believe that they all are monsters means that I don't believe McQueary saw what he claims he saw or if he did see what he claims he saw, he didn't communicate that to anyone.
 
After nearly 5 years, this sums up where I am. Whatever you want to say about Joe's rather rambling and at times inconsistent testimony about a discussion he had 10 years earlier, the contemporaneous actions of EVERYONE involved proves to me, really beyond all doubt, that no one AT THE TIME believed that a violent sexual assault of a child had occurred. The one possible exception is McQueary, as he was the witness. Maybe he really did see what he said in 2011 that he saw but for whatever reason didn't tell anyone else. But I am convinced that no one else was told or had reason to believe that McQueary had witnessed a violent sexual assault of a child. Not one single person's actions, including those of his father and his father's physician friend, are consistent with just having been provided with that information. Not one. So for me it really is this simple: either they weren't told or they are all monsters. I just don't see any other option. And I refuse to believe that 7 monsters just happened to be all in this one place at this one time. Just far too incredible to accept without significant evidence.
I agree with this wholeheartedly. Only point that I would add is that you could in fact get 7 monsters together in one place at one time IF they were also involved in the types f activities Sandusky was involved in. Not one of these guys has been implicated in such a way. What would they have covered this up for if they were not involved? Football? Makes absolutely no sense.
 
Sorry, I've had trouble keeping up with his many versions of what he claims he saw. I do believe I understood him to say that he never said the word "rape". But obviously he implied it. The word "rape" should never have been in the presentment. But IMHO, McQueary clearly implied that he witnessed Sandusky anally rape a child. So given that, my point to the other poster was if that was what he conveyed to the others who were involved, and they did what they did, then they would all be monsters in my estimation. The fact that I don't believe that they all are monsters means that I don't believe McQueary saw what he claims he saw or if he did see what he claims he saw, he didn't communicate that to anyone.
He obviously did NOT imply it or all 8: MMQ, JMQ, Dr. D, JVP, TC, GS, GS, and WC would have taken different actions.
 
What? Who cares that it doesn't "need to be" a violent sexual assault to be a crime? I'm not even sure what you're getting at. McQueary said in 2011/2012 that he witnessed a violent sexual assault of a child, unless you'd choose to describe the anal rape of a young boy a different way. So what word other than "monster" would you use to describe 7 men who knew this and did nothing for a decade? Just stupid? Wow, then you have an incredibly low standard for humanity. If you honestly believe that in 2001 McQueary conveyed what he testified to in 2011/2012 and you DON'T think that McQueary, Mr. McQueary, Dranov, Paterno, Schultz, Curley and Spanier are all monsters, then you are of no moral character whatsoever.
My point is that what he described to his dad, the Dr and Paterno fit into *at minimum* an indecent assault charge. My personal opinion is that the monsters (or at least, the most questionable characters in this case) are most likely Curley and Schultz. Those were the men who heard the allegations directly from MM and were responsible within PSU to take action. Spanier was getting his information from them, not Mike, so I could see how they could have bastardized that information into "horseplay". They also were the ones who had knowledge of the 1998 case. Of course, proving that they did something nefarious more than a decade after the fact is incredibly difficult, so I don't see them (or Spanier) being convicted of anything.

Again, that is just my opinion and I am certainly not stating it as a fact.
 
Sorry, I've had trouble keeping up with his many versions of what he claims he saw. I do believe I understood him to say that he never said the word "rape". But obviously he implied it. The word "rape" should never have been in the presentment. But IMHO, McQueary clearly implied that he witnessed Sandusky anally rape a child. So given that, my point to the other poster was if that was what he conveyed to the others who were involved, and they did what they did, then they would all be monsters in my estimation. The fact that I don't believe that they all are monsters means that I don't believe McQueary saw what he claims he saw or if he did see what he claims he saw, he didn't communicate that to anyone.
He conveyed "sexual sounds" to the Dr and his dad and something of "a sexual nature" to Paterno. Which in both cases would be enough to have the police look into whether an assault took place. However, he never told either of them specifically that he witnessed rape.
 
He obviously did NOT imply it or all 8: MMQ, JMQ, Dr. D, JVP, TC, GS, GS, and WC would have taken different actions.

Nellie...I think we're saying the same thing. Perhaps I was sloppy in how I made my point. I'm saying that the actions of all involved back in 2001 have convinced me beyond all doubt that McQueary clearly DID NOT convey anything remotely close to what he testified to to anyone involved. My recollection is that his testimony implied that Sandusky was raping a child but that he couldn't be 100% sure. But I have not looked at his testimony in quite some time so I could be wrong. But that was in 2011/2012. If he actually saw what he claims he saw, I don't believe for a second that he communicated that to anyone.
 
  • Like
Reactions: Nellie R
My point is that what he described to his dad, the Dr and Paterno fit into *at minimum* an indecent assault charge. My personal opinion is that the monsters (or at least, the most questionable characters in this case) are most likely Curley and Schultz. Those were the men who heard the allegations directly from MM and were responsible within PSU to take action. Spanier was getting his information from them, not Mike, so I could see how they could have bastardized that information into "horseplay". They also were the ones who had knowledge of the 1998 case. Of course, proving that they did something nefarious more than a decade after the fact is incredibly difficult, so I don't see them (or Spanier) being convicted of anything.

Again, that is just my opinion and I am certainly not stating it as a fact.
Your point has been proven wrong by both fact and logic ad nauseam. A report of Jerry showering with a kid is eew and needs to be handled in a certain way, which it was. There was no report of an assault. HOWEVER, to trained pros like Raykovitz it should have been not only a red flag, but at minimum noted and dealt with as a violation of a children's charity's best practices, and started a rethink about the federal reccos for not having programs allowing 1-1 adult-child ratio such as "Friend Fitness". Instead, they passed it on and Arrow FOOLISHLY continued the same program. Instead, Raykovitz laughed it off when Curley reported it. What Child Psychologist running a charity does that?
Nellie...I think we're saying the same thing. Perhaps I was sloppy in how I made my point. I'm saying that the actions of all involved back in 2001 have convinced me beyond all doubt that McQueary clearly DID NOT convey anything remotely close to what he testified to to anyone involved. My recollection is that his testimony implied that Sandusky was raping a child but that he couldn't be 100% sure. But I have not looked at his testimony in quite some time so I could be wrong. But that was in 2011/2012. If he actually saw what he claims he saw, I don't believe for a second that he communicated that to anyone.
Just checking because I was pretty sure you have treated the analysis logically and factually all this time. OTOH, GMJ does not appear to be able to do so and keeps getting lost in hindsight bias.
 
Last edited:
He conveyed "sexual sounds" to the Dr and his dad and something of "a sexual nature" to Paterno. Which in both cases would be enough to have the police look into whether an assault took place. However, he never told either of them specifically that he witnessed rape.

So why didn't his family friend and physician Dranov insist he call the police? Why? Why tell him to call the football coach? Why? What physician would do such a thing? You don't think that a physician that hears someone tell him that he heard sexual sounds between a man and a child and he tells the witness to go to sleep and call the football coach in the morning is a monster? Seriously?
 
  • Like
Reactions: Nellie R
Penn State and Pittsburgh are renewing their in-state football rivalry on Sept 10 at Heinz Field, and a Pittsburgh blog is selling T-shirts referencing the Jerry Sandusky scandal leading up to the game.


The blog - thepoint412.com - hasn't posted new content to its site since early June, but it sent out a tweet on Wednesday morning saying it was selling a shirt in Penn State colors for $20 that simply reads, "JOE KNEW."


You can see the shirt in the tweet below.


Who cares? Getting all lathered up and posting on their site does nothing and the haters will hate, face it. It is something that as Penn State fans we will hear or see this for years to come. Does that make it acceptable, of course not. However, we have no control over what other people say or do. Just consider the sources: Pitt and Rutgers. Enough said.
 
Your point has been proven wrong by both fact and logic ad nauseam. A report of Jerry showering with a kid is eew and needs to be handled in a certain way, which it was. There was no report of an assault. HOWEVER, to trained pros like Raykovitz it should have been not only a red flag, but at minimum noted and dealt with as a violation of a children's charity's best practices, and started a rethink about the federal reccos for not having programs allowing 1-1 adult-child ratio such as "Friend Fitness". Instead, they passed it on and Arrow FOOLISHLY continued the same program. Instead, Raykovitz laughed it off when Curley reported it. What Child Psychologist running a charity does that?

Just checking because I was pretty sure you have treated the analysis logically and factually all this time. OTOH, GMJ does not appear to be able to do so and keeps getting lost in hindsight bias.


Raykovitz told Jer to slap on some swimming trunks. Jer did not have kids on campus after 2001 because Heim ordered keys be given to him for the SC Hilton. In hindsight, I wish I had done more, not testimony, but a statement in front of the Paterno house. This is all PL and Andrea DiMaggio (Judas Shuttlesworth) BS, that has been repeated for 5 years by idiots.

Bernie McCue is a beatoff and a drunk. I'd love to see him on the stand.
 
  • Like
Reactions: simons96
Your point has been proven wrong by both fact and logic ad nauseam. A report of Jerry showering with a kid is eew and needs to be handled in a certain way, which it was. There was no report of an assault. HOWEVER, to trained pros like Raykovitz it should have been not only a red flag, but at minimum noted and dealt with as a violation of a children's charity's best practices, and started a rethink about the federal reccos for not having programs allowing 1-1 adult-child ratio such as "Friend Fitness". Instead, they passed it on and Arrow FOOLISHLY continued the same program. Instead, Raykovitz laughed it off when Curley reported it. What Child Psychologist running a charity does that?

Just checking because I was pretty sure you have treated the analysis logically and factually all this time. OTOH, GMJ does not appear to be able to do so and keeps getting lost in hindsight bias.
My point has not been "proven" wrong, you just merely dismiss it. MM didn't report that all he witnessed was a man and a boy showering, he indicated that there were sexual sounds (at minimum). That is enough information for a formal investigation.
 
So why didn't his family friend and physician Dranov insist he call the police? Why? Why tell him to call the football coach? Why? What physician would do such a thing? You don't think that a physician that hears someone tell him that he heard sexual sounds between a man and a child and he tells the witness to go to sleep and call the football coach in the morning is a monster? Seriously?
He told MM to report the incident to his superior, so no, I don't think he was a monster, just an idiot. Going by what the Dr. testified, he absolutely should have told MM to go to police instead of Paterno.
 
My point has not been "proven" wrong, you just merely dismiss it. MM didn't report that all he witnessed was a man and a boy showering, he indicated that there were sexual sounds (at minimum). That is enough information for a formal investigation.


You haven't made sense in at least 5 years why should you start now? You have been and always will be wrong. In more ways than one. You won't accept fact and logic, only your and the rest of the cabal's made up BS.

Go away, please. Do everyone a huge favor.
 
Last edited:
  • Like
Reactions: simons96
He told MM to report the incident to his superior, so no, I don't think he was a monster, just an idiot. Going by what the Dr. testified, he absolutely should have told MM to go to police instead of Paterno.

Your problem is is that your anti-Paterno agenda has painted you into a corner. You're trying to condemn Paterno without condemning McQueary, Mr. McQueary and Dranov. Maybe you're local to State College and know those three and like them. Who knows? But logic mandates that if Paterno is to blame for not going to police/telling McQueary to go to police, then McQueary, his dad and Dranov are At LEAST as culpable, and even more so; McQueary being the eyewitness and his dad and Dranov talking with him about it within minutes of him witnessing what happened. Yet your harshest criticism for going on 5 years has been saved for Paterno.

And I will say again that a doctor who is told by a person that the person just within the last hour witnessed something between an adult and a child that involved sexual sounds and the most the doctor tells him to do is go talk to the football coach after he sleeps on it, then that doctor is a monster.
 
That's nothing but spin. Nice PL try. Dumbest spin ever.

:rolleyes:
That's spin, but coming up with rationalization after rationalization that make Paterno's own words "a sexual nature" meaningless isn't?

CSA is a very complex subject and I don't think Joe did anything wrong. I do absolutely think MM told him something sexual was happening. It was vague in description, but Paterno understood it was sexual. That doesn't make him a villain who was thinking about protecting PSU football. It makes him human.
 
That's spin, but coming up with rationalization after rationalization that make Paterno's own words "a sexual nature" meaningless isn't?

CSA is a very complex subject and I don't think Joe did anything wrong. I do absolutely think MM told him something sexual was happening. It was vague in description, but Paterno understood it was sexual. That doesn't make him a villain who was thinking about protecting PSU football. It makes him human.


What don't you understand about "I don't know what you'd call it"?

Take your act and cabal members back to Philly or PL, "lt.young".

What branch of the service were you in Lieutenant?

LMAO! The PL PaTroll?
 
  • Like
Reactions: simons96
My point has not been "proven" wrong, you just merely dismiss it. MM didn't report that all he witnessed was a man and a boy showering, he indicated that there were sexual sounds (at minimum). That is enough information for a formal investigation.

What are sexual sounds?
 
That's spin, but coming up with rationalization after rationalization that make Paterno's own words "a sexual nature" meaningless isn't?

CSA is a very complex subject and I don't think Joe did anything wrong. I do absolutely think MM told him something sexual was happening. It was vague in description, but Paterno understood it was sexual. That doesn't make him a villain who was thinking about protecting PSU football. It makes him human.

You forgot part of his words "I don't know what you would call it".
What are sexual sounds?

What exactly is "of a sexual nature"?

It's clear that no one MM talked to understood the act to be a crime. Those that say otherwise simply have an agenda.
 
  • Like
Reactions: simons96 and biacto
Your problem is is that your anti-Paterno agenda has painted you into a corner. You're trying to condemn Paterno without condemning McQueary, Mr. McQueary and Dranov. Maybe you're local to State College and know those three and like them. Who knows? But logic mandates that if Paterno is to blame for not going to police/telling McQueary to go to police, then McQueary, his dad and Dranov are At LEAST as culpable, and even more so; McQueary being the eyewitness and his dad and Dranov talking with him about it within minutes of him witnessing what happened. Yet your harshest criticism for going on 5 years has been saved for Paterno.

And I will say again that a doctor who is told by a person that the person just within the last hour witnessed something between an adult and a child that involved sexual sounds and the most the doctor tells him to do is go talk to the football coach after he sleeps on it, then that doctor is a monster.
What??? I think that McQueary is a massive coward. I have already said that Dranov, and Papa Mac should have instructed MM to go to police. I called them idiots. I'm not calling them monsters (or Paterno) because they did report it in some fashion and that reporting *should* have resulted in the authorities being contacted.

Have you even read what I wrote previously??
 
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT